§ 15.407   General technical requirements.

   (a) Power limits:

   (1) For the band 5.15-5.25 GHz.

   (i) For an outdoor access point operating in the band 5.15-5.25 GHz, the
   maximum conducted output power over the frequency band of operation shall
   not exceed 1 W provided the maximum antenna gain does not exceed 6 dBi. In
   addition, the maximum power spectral density shall not exceed 17 dBm in any
   1 megahertz band. If transmitting antennas of directional gain greater than
   6 dBi are used, both the maximum conducted output power and the maximum
   power  spectral  density shall be reduced by the amount in dB that the
   directional gain of the antenna exceeds 6 dBi. The maximum e.i.r.p. at any
   elevation angle above 30 degrees as measured from the horizon must not
   exceed 125 mW (21 dBm).

   (ii) For an indoor access point operating in the band 5.15-5.25 GHz, the
   maximum conducted output power over the frequency band of operation shall
   not exceed 1 W provided the maximum antenna gain does not exceed 6 dBi. In
   addition, the maximum power spectral density shall not exceed 17 dBm in any
   1 megahertz band. If transmitting antennas of directional gain greater than
   6 dBi are used, both the maximum conducted output power and the maximum
   power  spectral  density shall be reduced by the amount in dB that the
   directional gain of the antenna exceeds 6 dBi.

   (iii) For fixed point-to-point access points operating in the band 5.15-5.25
   GHz, the maximum conducted output power over the frequency band of operation
   shall not exceed 1 W. In addition, the maximum power spectral density shall
   not  exceed 17 dBm in any 1 megahertz band. Fixed point-to-point U-NII
   devices may employ antennas with directional gain up to 23 dBi without any
   corresponding reduction in the maximum conducted output power or maximum
   power spectral density. For fixed point-to-point transmitters that employ a
   directional antenna gain greater than 23 dBi, a 1 dB reduction in maximum
   conducted output power and maximum power spectral density is required for
   each  1  dB of antenna gain in excess of 23 dBi. Fixed, point-to-point
   operations exclude the use of point-to-multipoint systems, omnidirectional
   applications, and multiple collocated transmitters transmitting the same
   information.  The operator of the U-NII device, or if the equipment is
   professionally installed, the installer, is responsible for ensuring that
   systems employing high gain directional antennas are used exclusively for
   fixed, point-to-point operations.

   (iv) For mobile and portable client devices in the 5.15-5.25 GHz band, the
   maximum conducted output power over the frequency band of operation shall
   not exceed 250 mW provided the maximum antenna gain does not exceed 6 dBi.
   In addition, the maximum power spectral density shall not exceed 11 dBm in
   any 1 megahertz band. If transmitting antennas of directional gain greater
   than 6 dBi are used, both the maximum conducted output power and the maximum
   power  spectral  density shall be reduced by the amount in dB that the
   directional gain of the antenna exceeds 6 dBi.

   (2) For the 5.25-5.35 GHz and 5.47-5.725 GHz bands, the maximum conducted
   output power over the frequency bands of operation shall not exceed the
   lesser  of  250 mW or 11 dBm + 10 log B, where B is the 26 dB emission
   bandwidth in megahertz. In addition, the maximum power spectral density
   shall not exceed 11 dBm in any 1 megahertz band. If transmitting antennas of
   directional gain greater than 6 dBi are used, both the maximum conducted
   output power and the maximum power spectral density shall be reduced by the
   amount in dB that the directional gain of the antenna exceeds 6 dBi.

   (3) For the band 5.725-5.85 GHz, the maximum conducted output power over the
   frequency band of operation shall not exceed 1 W. In addition, the maximum
   power spectral density shall not exceed 30 dBm in any 500-kHz band. If
   transmitting antennas of directional gain greater than 6 dBi are used, both
   the maximum conducted output power and the maximum power spectral density
   shall  be reduced by the amount in dB that the directional gain of the
   antenna exceeds 6 dBi. However, fixed point-to-point U-NII devices operating
   in this band may employ transmitting antennas with directional gain greater
   than 6 dBi without any corresponding reduction in transmitter conducted
   power.   Fixed,   point-to-point   operations   exclude   the  use  of
   point-to-multipoint systems, omnidirectional applications, and multiple
   collocated transmitters transmitting the same information. The operator of
   the U-NII device, or if the equipment is professionally installed, the
   installer, is responsible for ensuring that systems employing high gain
   directional  antennas  are  used exclusively for fixed, point-to-point
   operations.

   Note to paragraph (a)(3): The Commission strongly recommends that parties
   employing U-NII devices to provide critical communications services should
   determine if there are any nearby Government radar systems that could affect
   their operation.

   (4) The maximum conducted output power must be measured over any interval of
   continuous transmission using instrumentation calibrated in terms of an
   rms-equivalent voltage.

   (5) The maximum power spectral density is measured as a conducted emission
   by direct connection of a calibrated test instrument to the equipment under
   test. If the device cannot be connected directly, alternative techniques
   acceptable to the Commission may be used. Measurements in the 5.725-5.85 GHz
   band are made over a reference bandwidth of 500 kHz or the 26 dB emission
   bandwidth of the device, whichever is less. Measurements in the 5.15-5.25
   GHz, 5.25-5.35 GHz, and the 5.47-5.725 GHz bands are made over a bandwidth
   of 1 MHz or the 26 dB emission bandwidth of the device, whichever is less. A
   narrower resolution bandwidth can be used, provided that the measured power
   is integrated over the full reference bandwidth.

   (b) Undesirable emission limits. Except as shown in paragraph (b)(7) of this
   section, the maximum emissions outside of the frequency bands of operation
   shall be attenuated in accordance with the following limits:

   (1) For transmitters operating in the 5.15-5.25 GHz band: All emissions
   outside  of the 5.15-5.35 GHz band shall not exceed an e.i.r.p. of −27
   dBm/MHz.

   (2) For transmitters operating in the 5.25-5.35 GHz band: All emissions
   outside  of the 5.15-5.35 GHz band shall not exceed an e.i.r.p. of −27
   dBm/MHz.

   (3) For transmitters operating in the 5.47-5.725 GHz band: All emissions
   outside of the 5.47-5.725 GHz band shall not exceed an e.i.r.p. of −27
   dBm/MHz.

   (4) For transmitters operating in the 5.725-5.85 GHz band: All emissions
   within the frequency range from the band edge to 10 MHz above or below the
   band edge shall not exceed an e.i.r.p. of −17 dBm/MHz; for frequencies 10
   MHz or greater above or below the band edge, emissions shall not exceed an
   e.i.r.p. of −27 dBm/MHz.

   (5) The emission measurements shall be performed using a minimum resolution
   bandwidth of 1 MHz. A lower resolution bandwidth may be employed near the
   band edge, when necessary, provided the measured energy is integrated to
   show the total power over 1 MHz.

   (6)  Unwanted emissions below 1 GHz must comply with the general field
   strength limits set forth in § 15.209. Further, any U-NII devices using an AC
   power line are required to comply also with the conducted limits set forth
   in § 15.207.

   (7) The provisions of § 15.205 apply to intentional radiators operating under
   this section.

   (8) When measuring the emission limits, the nominal carrier frequency shall
   be adjusted as close to the upper and lower frequency band edges as the
   design of the equipment permits.

   (c) The device shall automatically discontinue transmission in case of
   either absence of information to transmit or operational failure. These
   provisions are not intended to preclude the transmission of control or
   signalling  information or the use of repetitive codes used by certain
   digital technologies to complete frame or burst intervals. Applicants shall
   include in their application for equipment authorization a description of
   how this requirement is met.

   (d) [Reserved]

   (e) Within the 5.725-5.85 GHz band, the minimum 6 dB bandwidth of U-NII
   devices shall be at least 500 kHz.

   (f) U-NII devices are subject to the radio frequency radiation exposure
   requirements specified in § 1.1307(b), § 2.1091 and § 2.1093 of this chapter,
   as appropriate. All equipment shall be considered to operate in a “general
   population/uncontrolled”   environment.   Applications  for  equipment
   authorization  of  devices operating under this section must contain a
   statement confirming compliance with these requirements for both fundamental
   emissions and unwanted emissions. Technical information showing the basis
   for this statement must be submitted to the Commission upon request.

   (g) Manufacturers of U-NII devices are responsible for ensuring frequency
   stability such that an emission is maintained within the band of operation
   under all conditions of normal operation as specified in the users manual.

   (h) Transmit Power Control (TPC) and Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS).

   (1) Transmit power control (TPC). U-NII devices operating in the 5.25-5.35
   GHz band and the 5.47-5.725 GHz band shall employ a TPC mechanism. The U-NII
   device is required to have the capability to operate at least 6 dB below the
   mean EIRP value of 30 dBm. A TPC mechanism is not required for systems with
   an e.i.r.p. of less than 500 mW.

   (2) Radar Detection Function of Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS). U-NII
   devices operating with any part of its 26 dB emission bandwidth in the
   5.25-5.35 GHz and 5.47-5.725 GHz bands shall employ a DFS radar detection
   mechanism to detect the presence of radar systems and to avoid co-channel
   operation with radar systems. Operators shall only use equipment with a DFS
   mechanism that is turned on when operating in these bands. The device must
   sense  for radar signals at 100 percent of its emission bandwidth. The
   minimum DFS detection threshold for devices with a maximum e.i.r.p. of 200
   mW  to  1 W is −64 dBm. For devices that operate with less than 200 mW
   e.i.r.p. and a power spectral density of less than 10 dBm in a 1 MHz band,
   the minimum detection threshold is −62 dBm. The detection threshold is the
   received power averaged over 1 microsecond referenced to a 0 dBi antenna.
   For the initial channel setting, the manufacturers shall be permitted to
   provide for either random channel selection or manual channel selection.

   (i)  Operational  Modes.  The DFS requirement applies to the following
   operational modes:

   (A) The requirement for channel availability check time applies in the
   master operational mode.

   (B) The requirement for channel move time applies in both the master and
   slave operational modes.

   (ii) Channel Availability Check Time. A U-NII device shall check if there is
   a radar system already operating on the channel before it can initiate a
   transmission on a channel and when it has to move to a new channel. The
   U-NII device may start using the channel if no radar signal with a power
   level greater than the interference threshold values listed in paragraph
   (h)(2) of this section, is detected within 60 seconds.

   (iii)  Channel  Move  Time.  After a radar's presence is detected, all
   transmissions  shall cease on the operating channel within 10 seconds.
   Transmissions during this period shall consist of normal traffic for a
   maximum  of  200  ms after detection of the radar signal. In addition,
   intermittent management and control signals can be sent during the remaining
   time to facilitate vacating the operating channel.

   (iv) Non-occupancy Period. A channel that has been flagged as containing a
   radar  system,  either  by  a channel availability check or in-service
   monitoring, is subject to a non-occupancy period of at least 30 minutes. The
   non-occupancy period starts at the time when the radar system is detected.

   (i) Device Security. All U-NII devices must contain security features to
   protect against modification of software by unauthorized parties.

   (1)  Manufacturers  must  implement security features in any digitally
   modulated devices capable of operating in any of the U-NII bands, so that
   third parties are not able to reprogram the device to operate outside the
   parameters for which the device was certified. The software must prevent the
   user from operating the transmitter with operating frequencies, output
   power, modulation types or other radio frequency parameters outside those
   that were approved for the device. Manufacturers may use means including,
   but  not  limited  to  the  use  of a private network that allows only
   authenticated users to download software, electronic signatures in software
   or  coding  in hardware that is decoded by software to verify that new
   software can be legally loaded into a device to meet these requirements and
   must describe the methods in their application for equipment authorization.

   (2) Manufacturers must take steps to ensure that DFS functionality cannot be
   disabled by the operator of the U-NII device.

   (j) Operator Filing Requirement: Before deploying an aggregate total of more
   than one thousand outdoor access points within the 5.15-5.25 GHz band,
   parties must submit a letter to the Commission acknowledging that, should
   harmful interference to licensed services in this band occur, they will be
   required to take corrective action. Corrective actions may include reducing
   power,  turning  off devices, changing frequency bands, and/or further
   reducing power radiated in the vertical direction. This material shall be
   submitted to Laboratory Division, Office of Engineering and Technology,
   Federal Communications Commission, 7435 Oakland Mills Road, Columbia, MD
   21046.    Attn:    U-NII    Coordination,   or   via   Web   site   at
   https://www.fcc.gov/labhelp with the SUBJECT LINE: “U-NII-1 Filing”.

   [ 63 FR 40836 , July 31, 1998, as amended at  69 FR 2687 , Jan. 20, 2004;  69 FR 54036 , Sept. 7, 2004;  79 FR 24579 , May 1, 2014;  79 FR 56988 , Sept. 24, 2014;
    79 FR 76903 , Dec. 23, 2014]

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Subpart F—Ultra-Wideband Operation

   Source:  67 FR 34856 , May 16, 2002, unless otherwise noted.

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