§ 22.99   Definitions.

   Terms used in this part have the following meanings:

   Air-Ground Radiotelephone Service. A radio service in which licensees are
   authorized to offer and provide radio telecommunications service for hire to
   subscribers in aircraft.

   Airborne station. A mobile station in the Air-Ground Radiotelephone Service
   authorized for use on aircraft while in flight or on the ground.

   Antenna structure. A structure comprising an antenna, the tower or other
   structure  that exists solely to support antennas, and any surmounting
   appurtenances (attachments such as beacons or lightning rods).

   Antenna.  A  device that converts radio frequency electrical energy to
   radiated electromagnetic energy and vice versa; in a transmitting station,
   the device from which radio waves are emitted.

   Authorized bandwidth. The necessary or occupied bandwidth of an emission,
   whichever is more.

   Authorized  spectrum.  The  spectral  width  of  that  portion  of the
   electromagnetic spectrum within which the emission power of the authorized
   transmitter(s) must be contained, in accordance with the rules in this part.
   The authorized spectrum comprises one channel bandwidth or the bandwidths of
   two or more contiguous channels.

   Auxiliary test transmitter. A fixed transmitter used to test Public Mobile
   systems.

   Base   transmitter.  A  stationary  transmitter  that  provides  radio
   telecommunications service to mobile and/or fixed receivers, including those
   associated with mobile stations.

   Blanketing interference. Disturbance in consumer receivers located in the
   immediate vicinity of a transmitter, caused by currents directly induced
   into the consumer receiver's circuitry by the relatively high field strength
   of the transmitter.

   Cardinal radials. Eight imaginary straight lines extending radially on the
   ground from an antenna location in the following azimuths with respect to
   true North: 0�°, 45�°, 90�°, 135�°, 180�°, 225�°, 270�°, 315�°.

   Carrier frequency. The frequency of the unmodulated electrical wave at the
   output of an amplitude modulated (AM), frequency modulated (FM) or phase
   modulated (PM) transmitter.

   Cell. The service area of an individual transmitter location in a cellular
   system.

   Cellular Geographic Service Area (CGSA). The licensed geographic area within
   which a Cellular system is entitled to protection and adverse effects are
   recognized,  for  the  purpose of determining whether a petitioner has
   standing, in the Cellular Radiotelephone Service, and within which the
   Cellular  licensee is permitted to transmit, or consent to allow other
   Cellular licensees to transmit, electromagnetic energy and signals on the
   assigned channel block, in order to provide Cellular service. See § 22.911.

   Cellular Market Area (CMA). A standard geographic area used by the FCC for
   administrative convenience in the licensing of Cellular systems; a more
   recent term for “Cellular market” (and includes Metropolitan Statistical
   Areas (MSAs) and Rural Service Areas (RSAs)). See § 22.909.

   Cellular markets. This term is obsolescent. See definition for “Cellular
   Market Area (CMA).”

   Cellular Radiotelephone Service. A radio service in which licensees are
   authorized to offer and provide cellular service for hire to the general
   public. This service was formerly titled Domestic Public Cellular Radio
   Telecommunications Service.

   Cellular repeater. In the Cellular Radiotelephone Service, a stationary
   transmitter or device that automatically re-radiates the transmissions of
   base  transmitters  at  a  particular  cell  site  and mobile stations
   communicating  with  those  base transmitters, with or without channel
   translation.

   Cellular service. Radio telecommunication services provided using a cellular
   system.

   Cellular  system.  An  automated  high-capacity  system of one or more
   multichannel base stations designed to provide radio telecommunication
   services to mobile stations over a wide area in a spectrally efficient
   manner. Cellular systems employ techniques such as low transmitting power
   and automatic hand-off between base stations of communications in progress
   to enable channels to be reused at relatively short distances. Cellular
   systems  may also employ digital techniques such as voice encoding and
   decoding, data compression, error correction, and time or code division
   multiple access in order to increase system capacity.

   Center frequency. The frequency of the middle of the bandwidth of a channel.

   Central office transmitter. A fixed transmitter in the Rural Radiotelephone
   Service that provides service to rural subscriber stations.

   CGSA. See Cellular Geographic Service Area.

   Channel. The portion of the electromagnetic spectrum assigned by the FCC for
   one emission. In certain circumstances, however, more than one emission may
   be transmitted on a channel.

   Channel bandwidth. The spectral width of a channel, as specified in this
   part, within which 99% of the emission power must be contained.

   Channel  block.  A  group  of channels that are assigned together, not
   individually.

   Channel pair. Two channels that are assigned together, not individually. In
   this part, channel pairs are indicated by an ellipsis between the center
   frequencies.

   Communications  channel. In the Cellular Radiotelephone and Air-Ground
   Radiotelephone Services, a channel used to carry subscriber communications.

   Construction  period.  The  period  between  the  date  of grant of an
   authorization and the date of required commencement of service.

   Control channel. In the Cellular Radiotelephone Service and the Air-Ground
   Radiotelephone Service, a channel used to transmit information necessary to
   establish or maintain communications. In the other Public Mobile Services, a
   channel that may be assigned to a control transmitter.

   Control point. A location where the operation of a public mobile station is
   supervised and controlled by the licensee of that station.

   Control transmitter. A fixed transmitter in the Public Mobile Services that
   transmits control signals to one or more base or fixed stations for the
   purpose of controlling the operation of the base or fixed stations, and/or
   transmits subscriber communications to one or more base or fixed stations
   that retransmit them to subscribers.

   Dead spots. Small areas within a service area where the field strength is
   lower than the minimum level for reliable service. Service within dead spots
   is presumed.

   Dispatch service. A radiotelephone service comprising communications between
   a dispatcher and one or more mobile units. These communications normally do
   not exceed one minute in duration and are transmitted directly through a
   base station, without passing through mobile telephone switching facilities.

   Effective  radiated  power  (ERP).  The  effective radiated power of a
   transmitter (with antenna, transmission line, duplexers etc.) is the power
   that would be necessary at the input terminals of a reference half-wave
   dipole antenna in order to produce the same maximum field intensity. ERP is
   usually calculated by multiplying the measured transmitter output power by
   the specified antenna system gain, relative to a half-wave dipole, in the
   direction of interest.

   Emission. The electromagnetic energy radiated from an antenna.

   Emission designator. An internationally accepted symbol for describing an
   emission  in  terms  of  its  bandwidth and the characteristics of its
   modulation, if any. See § 2.201 of this chapter for details.

   Emission mask. The design limits imposed, as a condition or certification,
   on the mean power of emissions as a function of frequency both within the
   authorized bandwidth and in the adjacent spectrum.

   Equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP). The equivalent isotropically
   radiated power of a transmitter (with antenna, transmission line, duplexers
   etc.) is the power that would be necessary at the input terminals of a
   reference isotropic radiator in order to produce the same maximum field
   intensity. An isotropic radiator is a theoretical lossless point source of
   radiation with unity gain in all directions. EIRP is usually calculated by
   multiplying the measured transmitter output power by the specified antenna
   system  gain,  relative  to an isotropic radiator, in the direction of
   interest.

   Extension.  In the Cellular Radiotelephone Service, an area within the
   service area boundary (calculated using the methodology of § 22.911) of a
   Cellular system but outside the licensed Cellular Geographic Service Area
   boundary. See § § 22.911 and 22.912.

   Facsimile service. Transmission of still images from one place to another by
   means of radio.

   Fill-in transmitters. Transmitters added to a station, in the same area and
   transmitting on the same channel or channel block as previously authorized
   transmitters,  that  do  not expand the existing service area, but are
   established for the purpose of improving reception in dead spots.

   Fixed transmitter. A stationary transmitter that communicates with other
   stationary transmitters.

   Frequency. The number of cycles occurring per second of an electrical or
   electromagnetic  wave;  a  number representing a specific point in the
   electromagnetic spectrum.

   Ground station. In the Air-Ground Radiotelephone Service, a stationary
   transmitter that provides service to airborne mobile stations.

   Gulf of Mexico Service Area (GMSA). The cellular market comprising the water
   area  of the Gulf of Mexico bounded on the West, North and East by the
   coastline. Coastline, for this purpose, means the line of ordinary low water
   along that portion of the coast which is in direct contact with the open
   sea, and the line marking the seaward limit of inland waters. Inland waters
   include bays, historic inland waters and waters circumscribed by a fringe of
   islands within the immediate vicinity of the shoreline.

   Height above average terrain (HAAT). The height of an antenna above the
   average elevation of the surrounding area.

   In-building radiation systems. Supplementary systems comprising low power
   transmitters,  receivers,  indoor  antennas and/or leaky coaxial cable
   radiators, designed to improve service reliability inside buildings or
   structures located within the service areas of stations in the Public Mobile
   Services.

   Initial cellular applications. Applications for authority to construct and
   operate a new cellular system, excluding applications for interim operating
   authority.

   Interfering contour. The locus of points surrounding a transmitter where the
   predicted median field strength of the signal from that transmitter is the
   maximum field strength that is not considered to cause interference at the
   service contour of another transmitter.

   Interoffice transmitter. A fixed transmitter in the Rural Radiotelephone
   Service  that communicates with other interoffice transmitters for the
   purpose of interconnecting rural central offices.

   Mobile station. One or more transmitters that are capable of operation while
   in motion.

   Necessary  bandwidth.  The  calculated  spectral width of an emission.
   Calculations are made using procedures set forth in part 2 of this chapter.
   The bandwidth so calculated is considered to be the minimum necessary to
   convey information at the desired rate with the desired accuracy.

   Occupied  bandwidth.  The  measured spectral width of an emission. The
   measurement determines occupied bandwidth as the difference between upper
   and lower frequencies where 0.5% of the emission power is above the upper
   frequency and 0.5% of the emission power is below the lower frequency.

   Offshore  central  transmitter.  A  fixed  transmitter in the Offshore
   Radiotelephone  Service  that  provides service to offshore subscriber
   stations.

   Offshore Radiotelephone Service. A radio service in which licensees are
   authorized to offer and provide radio telecommunication services for hire to
   subscribers on structures in the offshore coastal waters of the Gulf of
   Mexico.

   Offshore subscriber station. One or more fixed and/or mobile transmitters in
   the Offshore Radiotelephone Service that receive service from offshore
   central transmitters.

   Pager. A small radio receiver designed to be carried by a person and to give
   an aural, visual or tactile indication when activated by the reception of a
   radio signal containing its specific code. It may also reproduce sounds
   and/or  display  messages that were also transmitted. Some pagers also
   transmit a radio signal acknowledging that a message has been received.

   Paging  geographic  area authorization. An authorization conveying the
   exclusive right to establish and expand one or more stations throughout a
   paging geographic area or, in the case of a partitioned geographic area,
   throughout a specified portion of a paging geographic area, on a specified
   channel allocated for assignment in the Paging and Radiotelephone Service.
   These are subject to the conditions that no interference may be caused to
   existing co-channel stations operated by other licensees within the paging
   geographic  area and that no interference may be caused to existing or
   proposed  co-channel  stations  of other licensees in adjoining paging
   geographic areas.

   Paging geographic areas. Standard geographic areas used by the FCC for
   administrative  convenience in the licensing of stations to operate on
   channels allocated for assignment in the Paging and Radiotelephone Service.
   See § 22.503(b).

   Paging and Radiotelephone Service. A radio service in which common carriers
   are authorized to offer and provide paging and radiotelephone service for
   hire to the general public. This service was formerly titled Public Land
   Mobile Service.

   Paging service. Transmission of coded radio signals for the purpose of
   activating specific pagers; such transmissions may include messages and/or
   sounds.

   Public Mobile Services. Radio services in which licensees are authorized to
   offer and provide mobile and related fixed radio telecommunication services
   for hire to the public.

   Radio telecommunication services. Communication services provided by the use
   of radio, including radiotelephone, radiotelegraph, paging and facsimile
   service.

   Radiotelegraph service. Transmission of messages from one place to another
   by means of radio.

   Radiotelephone service. Transmission of sound from one place to another by
   means of radio.

   Repeater.  A  fixed  transmitter that retransmits the signals of other
   stations.

   Roamer. A mobile station receiving service from a station or system in the
   Public Mobile Services other than one to which it is a subscriber.

   Rural  Radiotelephone  Service. A radio service in which licensees are
   authorized to offer and provide radio telecommunication services for hire to
   subscribers in areas where it is not feasible to provide communication
   services by wire or other means.

   Rural  subscriber station. One or more fixed transmitters in the Rural
   Radiotelephone  Service  that  receive  service  from  central  office
   transmitters.

   Service area. The geographic area considered by the FCC to be reliably
   served by a station in the Public Mobile Services.

   Service contour. The locus of points surrounding a transmitter where the
   predicted median field strength of the signal from that transmitter is the
   minimum field strength that is considered sufficient to provide reliable
   service to mobile stations.

   Service to subscribers. Service to at least one subscriber that is not
   affiliated with, controlled by or related to the providing carrier.

   Signal booster. A stationary device that automatically reradiates signals
   from base transmitters without channel translation, for the purpose of
   improving the reliability of existing service by increasing the signal
   strength in dead spots.

   Station.  A station equipped to engage in radio communication or radio
   transmission of energy (47 U.S.C. 153(k)).

   Telecommunications common carrier. An individual, partnership, association,
   joint-stock  company,  trust or corporation engaged in rendering radio
   telecommunications services to the general public for hire.

   Temporary fixed station. One or more fixed transmitters that normally do not
   remain at any particular location for longer than 6 months.

   Universal licensing system. The Universal Licensing System (ULS) is the
   consolidated database, application filing system, and processing system for
   all  Wireless  Radio  Services.  ULS supports electronic filing of all
   applications  and related documents by applicants and licensees in the
   Wireless  Radio  Services,  and  provides  public  access to licensing
   information.

   Unserved Area. With regard to a channel block allocated for assignment in
   the Cellular Radiotelephone Service: Geographic area in the District of
   Columbia, or any State, Territory or Possession of the United States of
   America that is not within any Cellular Geographic Service Area of any
   Cellular system authorized to transmit on that channel block. With regard to
   a channel allocated for assignment in the Paging and Radiotelephone service:
   Geographic area within the District of Columbia, or any State, Territory or
   possession of the United States of America that is not within the service
   contour of any base transmitter in any station authorized to transmit on
   that channel.

   [ 59 FR 59507 , Nov. 17, 1994, as amended at  61 FR 31050 , June 19, 1996;  61 FR 54098 , Oct. 17, 1996;  62 FR 11628 , Mar. 12, 1997;  63 FR 36603 , July 7, 1998;
    63 FR 68943 , Dec. 14, 1998;  67 FR 9609 , Mar. 4, 2002;  70 FR 19307 , Apr. 13,
   2005;  79 FR 72150 , Dec. 5, 2014]

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Subpart B—Licensing Requirements and Procedures

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Applications and Notifications

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