FCC 25.222 Revised as of December 4, 2012
Goto Year:2011 |
2013
§ 25.222 Blanket Licensing provisions for Earth Stations on Vessels (ESVs)
receiving in the 10.95-11.2 GHz (space-to-Earth), 11.45-11.7 GHz
(space-to-Earth), 11.7-12.2 GHz (space-to-Earth) frequency bands and
transmitting in the 14.0-14.5 GHz (Earth-to-space) frequency band, operating
with Geostationary Orbit (GSO) Satellites in the Fixed-Satellite Service.
(a) The following ongoing requirements govern all ESV licensees and
operations in the 10.95-11.2 GHz (space-to-Earth), 11.45-11.7 GHz
(space-to-Earth), 11.7-12.2 GHz (space-to-Earth) frequency bands and
14.0-14.5 GHz (Earth-to-space) bands transmitting to GSO satellites in
the fixed-satellite service. ESV licensees must comply with the
requirements in paragraph (a)(1), (a)(2) or (a)(3) of this section and
all of the requirements set forth in paragraphs (a)(4) through (a)(8)
of this section. Paragraph (b) of this section identifies items that
must be included in the application for ESV operations to demonstrate
that these ongoing requirements will be met.
(1) The following requirements shall apply to an ESV that uses
transmitters with off-axis effective isotropically radiated power
(EIRP) spectral-densities lower than or equal to the levels in
paragraph (a)(1)(i)(A) of this section. An ESV, or ESV system,
operating under this section shall provide a detailed demonstration as
described in paragraph (b)(1) of this section. The ESV transmitter also
must comply with the antenna pointing and cessation of emission
requirements in paragraphs (a)(1)(ii) and (a)(1)(iii) of this section.
(i) An ESV system shall not exceed the off-axis EIRP spectral-density
limits and conditions defined in paragraphs (a)(1)(i)(A) through
(a)(1)(i)(D) of this section.
(A) The off-axis EIRP spectral-density emitted from the ESV, in the
plane of the GSO as it appears at the particular earth station
location, shall not exceed the following values:
15−10log(N)−25logθ dBW/4 kHz for 1.5° ≤ θ ≤ 7°
−6 −10log(N) dBW/4 kHz for 7° < θ ≤ 9.2°
18 −10log(N)−25logθ dBW/4 kHz for 9.2° < θ ≤ 48°
−24 −10log(N) dBW/4 kHz for 48° < θ ≤ 85°
−14 −10log(N) dBW/4 kHz for 85° < θ ≤ 180°
Where theta (θ) is the angle in degrees from the line connecting the
focal point of the antenna to the orbital location of the target
satellite, the plane of the GSO is determined by the focal point of the
antenna and the line tangent to the arc of the GSO at the orbital
location of the target satellite. For ESV networks using frequency
division multiple access (FDMA) or time division multiple access (TDMA)
techniques, N is equal to one. For ESV networks using multiple
co-frequency transmitters that have the same EIRP, N is the maximum
expected number of co-frequency simultaneously transmitting ESV earth
stations in the same satellite receiving beam. For the purpose of this
section, the peak EIRP of an individual sidelobe may not exceed the
envelope defined above for θ between 1.5° and 7.0°. For θ greater than
7.0°, the envelope may be exceeded by no more than 10% of the
sidelobes, provided no individual sidelobe exceeds the envelope given
above by more than 3 dB.
(B) In all directions other than along the GSO, the off-axis EIRP
spectral-density for co-polarized signals emitted from the ESV shall
not exceed the following values:
18−10log(N)−25logθ dBW/4 kHz for 3.0° ≤ θ ≤ 48°
−24−10log(N) dBW/4 kHz for 48° < θ ≤ 85°
−14−10log(N) dBW/4 kHz for 85° < θ ≤ 180°
Where θ and N are defined in paragraph (a)(1)(i)(A) of this section.
This off-axis EIRP spectral-density applies in any plane that includes
the line connecting the focal point of the antenna to the orbital
location of the target satellite with the exception of the plane of the
GSO as defined in paragraph (a)(1)(i)(A) of this section. For the
purpose of this section, the envelope may be exceeded by no more than
10% of the sidelobes provided no individual sidelobe exceeds the gain
envelope given above by more than 6 dB. The region of the main
reflector spillover energy is to be interpreted as a single lobe and
shall not exceed the envelope by more than 6 dB.
(C) In all directions, the off-axis EIRP spectral-density for
cross-polarized signals emitted from the ESV shall not exceed the
following values:
5−10log(N)−25logθ dBW/4 kHz for 1.8° ≤ θ ≤ 7.0°
−16−10log(N) dBW/4 kHz for 7.0° < θ ≤ 9.2°
Where θ and N are defined as set forth in paragraph (a)(1)(i)(A) of
this section. This EIRP spectral-density applies in any plane that
includes the line connecting the focal point of the antenna to the
target satellite.
(D) For non-circular ESV antennas, the major axis of the antenna will
be aligned with the tangent to the arc of the GSO at the orbital
location of the target satellite, to the extent required to meet the
specified off-axis EIRP spectral-density criteria.
(ii) Except for ESV systems operating under paragraph (a)(3) of this
section, each ESV transmitter must meet one of the following antenna
pointing error requirements:
(A) Each ESV transmitter shall maintain a pointing error of less than
or equal to 0.2° between the orbital location of the target satellite
and the axis of the main lobe of the ESV antenna, or
(B) Each ESV transmitter shall declare a maximum antenna pointing error
that may be greater than 0.2° provided that the ESV does not exceed the
off-axis EIRP spectral-density limits in paragraph (a)(1)(i) of this
section, taking into account the antenna pointing error.
(iii) Except for ESV systems operating under paragraph (a)(3) of this
section, each ESV transmitter must meet one of the following cessation
of emission requirements:
(A) For ESVs operating under paragraph (a)(1)(ii)(A) of this section,
all emissions from the ESV shall automatically cease within 100
milliseconds if the angle between the orbital location of the target
satellite and the axis of the main lobe of the ESV antenna exceeds
0.5°, and transmission will not resume until such angle is less than or
equal to 0.2°, or
(B) For ESV transmitters operating under paragraph (a)(1)(ii)(B) of
this section, all emissions from the ESV shall automatically cease
within 100 milliseconds if the angle between the orbital location of
the target satellite and the axis of the main lobe of the ESV antenna
exceeds the declared maximum antenna pointing error and shall not
resume transmissions until such angle is less than or equal to the
declared maximum antenna pointing error.
(2) The following requirements shall apply to an ESV that uses off-axis
EIRP spectral-densities in excess of the levels in paragraph (a)(1)(i)
or (a)(3)(i) of this section. An ESV or ESV system operating under this
paragraph (a)(2) shall file certifications and provide a detailed
demonstration(s) as described in paragraph (b)(2) of this section.
(i) The ESV shall transmit only to the target satellite system(s)
referred to in the certifications required by paragraph (b)(2) of this
section.
(ii) If a good faith agreement cannot be reached between the target
satellite operator and the operator of a future satellite that is
located within 6 degrees longitude of the target satellite, the ESV
operator shall accept the power-density levels that would accommodate
that adjacent satellite.
(iii) The ESV shall operate in accordance with the off-axis EIRP
spectral-densities that the ESV supplied to the target satellite
operator in order to obtain the certifications listed in paragraph
(b)(2) of this section. Except for ESVs with variable power systems,
the ESV shall automatically cease emissions within 100 milliseconds if
the ESV transmitter exceeds the off-axis EIRP spectral-densities
supplied to the target satellite operator. For ESVs using variable
power systems, the individual ESV transmitter shall automatically cease
or reduce emissions within 100 milliseconds if the ESV transmitter
exceeds the off-axis EIRP-density limits supplied to the target
satellite operator; the individual transmitter must be self-monitoring
and capable of shutting itself off; and if one or more ESV transmitters
causes the aggregate off-axis EIRP-densities to exceed the off-axis
EIRP-density limits supplied to the target satellite operator, then the
transmitter or transmitters shall cease or reduce emissions within 100
milliseconds of receiving a command from the system's central control
and monitoring station.
(3) The following requirements shall apply to an ESV system that uses
variable power-density control of individual simultaneously
transmitting co-frequency ESV earth stations in the same satellite
receiving beam unless that ESV system operates pursuant to paragraph
(a)(2) of this section. An ESV system operating under this paragraph
(a)(3) shall provide a detailed demonstration as described in paragraph
(b)(3) of this section.
(i) The effective aggregate EIRP-density from all terminals shall be at
least 1 dB below the off-axis EIRP-density limits defined in paragraph
(a)(1)(i) of this section, with the value of N=1. In this context the
term “effective” means that the resultant co-polarized and
cross-polarized EIRP-density experienced by any GSO or non-GSO
satellite shall not exceed that produced by a single transmitter
operating 1 dB below the limits defined in paragraph (a)(1)(i) of this
section. An ESV system operating under this paragraph (a)(3) shall
provide a detailed demonstration as described in paragraph (b)(3)(i) of
this section.
(ii) The individual ESV transmitter shall automatically cease or reduce
emissions within 100 milliseconds if the ESV transmitter exceeds the
off-axis EIRP-density limits specified in paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this
section. The individual transmitter must be self-monitoring and capable
of shutting itself off. If one or more ESV transmitters causes the
aggregate off-axis EIRP-densities to exceed the off-axis EIRP-density
limits specified in paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this section, then the
transmitter or transmitters shall cease or reduce emissions within 100
milliseconds of receiving a command from the system's central control
and monitoring station.
(4) There shall be a point of contact in the United States, with phone
number and address, available 24 hours a day, seven days a week, with
authority and ability to cease all emissions from the ESVs, either
directly or through the facilities of a U.S. Hub or a Hub located in
another country with which the United States has a bilateral agreement
that enables such cessation of emissions.
(5) For each ESV transmitter, a record of the ship location ( i.e.,
latitude/longitude), transmit frequency, channel bandwidth and
satellite used shall be time annotated and maintained for a period of
not less than 1 year. Records will be recorded at time intervals no
greater than every 20 minutes while the ESV is transmitting. The ESV
operator will make this data available upon request to a coordinator,
fixed system operator, fixed-satellite system operator, NTIA, or the
Commission within 24 hours of the request.
(6) ESV operators communicating with vessels of foreign registry must
maintain detailed information on each vessel's country of registry and
a point of contact for the relevant administration responsible for
licensing ESVs.
(7) ESV operators shall control all ESVs by a Hub earth station located
in the United States, except that an ESV on U.S.-registered vessels may
operate under control of a Hub earth station location outside the
United States provided the ESV operator maintains a point of contact
within the United States that will have the capability and authority to
cause an ESV on a U.S.-registered vessel to cease transmitting if
necessary.
(8) In the 10.95-11.2 GHz (space-to-Earth) and 11.45-11.7 GHz
(space-to-Earth) frequency bands ESVs shall not claim protection from
interference from any authorized terrestrial stations to which
frequencies are either already assigned, or may be assigned in the
future.
(b) Applications for ESV operation in the 14.0-14.5 GHz
(Earth-to-space) band to GSO satellites in the fixed-satellite service
must include, in addition to the particulars of operation identified on
Form 312, and associated Schedule B, the applicable technical
demonstrations in paragraph (b)(1), (b)(2) or (b)(3) of this section
and the documentation identified in paragraphs (b)(4) through (b)(7) of
this section.
(1) An ESV applicant proposing to implement a transmitter under
paragraph (a)(1) of this section must demonstrate that the transmitter
meets the off-axis EIRP spectral-density limits contained in paragraph
(a)(1)(i) of this section. To provide this demonstration, the
application shall include the tables described in paragraph (b)(1)(i)
of this section or the certification described in paragraph (b)(1)(ii)
of this section. The ESV applicant also must provide the value N
described in paragraph (a)(1)(i)(A) of this section. An ESV applicant
proposing to implement a transmitter under paragraph (a)(1)(ii)(A) of
this section must provide the certifications identified in paragraph
(b)(1)(iii) of this section. An ESV applicant proposing to implement a
transmitter under paragraph (a)(1)(ii)(B) of this section must provide
the demonstrations identified in paragraph (b)(1)(iv) of this section.
(i) Any ESV applicant filing an application pursuant to paragraph
(a)(1) of this section must file three tables showing the off-axis EIRP
level of the proposed earth station antenna in the direction of the
plane of the GSO; the co-polarized EIRP in the elevation plane, that
is, the plane perpendicular to the plane of the GSO; and cross
polarized EIRP. In each table, the EIRP level must be provided at
increments of 0.1° for angles between 0° and 10° off-axis, and at
increments of 5° for angles between 10° and 180° off-axis.
(A) For purposes of the off-axis EIRP table in the plane of the GSO,
the off-axis angle is the angle in degrees from the line connecting the
focal point of the antenna to the orbital location of the target
satellite, and the plane of the GSO is determined by the focal point of
the antenna and the line tangent to the arc of the GSO at the orbital
position of the target satellite.
(B) For purposes of the off-axis co-polarized EIRP table in the
elevation plane, the off-axis angle is the angle in degrees from the
line connecting the focal point of the antenna to the orbital location
of the target satellite, and the elevation plane is defined as the
plane perpendicular to the plane of the GSO defined in paragraph
(b)(1)(i)(A) of this section.
(C) For purposes of the cross-polarized EIRP table, the off-axis angle
is the angle in degrees from the line connecting the focal point of the
antenna to the orbital location of the target satellite and the plane
of the GSO as defined in paragraph (b)(1)(i)(A) of this section will be
used.
(ii) A certification, in Schedule B, that the ESV antenna conforms to
the gain pattern criteria of § 25.209(a) and (b), that, combined with
the maximum input power density calculated from the EIRP density less
the antenna gain, which is entered in Schedule B, demonstrates that the
off-axis EIRP spectral density envelope set forth in paragraphs
(a)(1)(i)(A) through (a)(1)(i)(C) of this section will be met under the
assumption that the antenna is pointed at the target satellite.
(iii) An ESV applicant proposing to implement a transmitter under
paragraph (a)(1)(ii)(A) of this section, must provide a certification
from the equipment manufacturer stating that the antenna tracking
system will maintain a pointing error of less than or equal to 0.2
between the orbital location of the target satellite and the axis of
the main lobe of the ESV antenna and that the antenna tracking system
is capable of ceasing emissions within 100 milliseconds if the angle
between the orbital location of the target satellite and the axis of
the main lobe of the ESV antenna exceeds 0.5°.
(iv) An ESV applicant proposing to implement a transmitter under
paragraph (a)(1)(ii)(B) of this section must:
(A) Declare, in their application, a maximum antenna pointing error and
demonstrate that the maximum antenna pointing error can be achieved
without exceeding the off-axis EIRP spectral-density limits in
paragraph (a)(1)(A) of this section; and
(B) Demonstrate that the ESV transmitter can detect if the transmitter
exceeds the declared maximum antenna pointing error and can cease
transmission within 100 milliseconds if the angle between the orbital
location of the target satellite and the axis of the main lobe of the
ESV antenna exceeds the declared maximum antenna pointing error, and
will not resume transmissions until the angle between the orbital
location of the target satellite and the axis of the main lobe of the
ESV antenna is less than or equal to the declared maximum antenna
pointing error.
(2) An ESV applicant proposing to implement a transmitter under
paragraph (a)(2) of this section and using off-axis EIRP
spectral-densities in excess of the levels in paragraph (a)(1)(i) or
(a)(3)(i) of this section shall provide the following certifications
and demonstration(s) as exhibits to its earth station application:
(i) A statement from the target satellite operator certifying that the
proposed operation of the ESV has the potential to create harmful
interference to satellite networks adjacent to the target satellite(s)
that may be unacceptable.
(ii) A statement from the target satellite operator certifying that the
power-density levels that the ESV applicant provided to the target
satellite operator are consistent with the existing coordination
agreements between its satellite(s) and the adjacent satellite systems
within 6° of orbital separation from its satellite(s).
(iii) A statement from the target satellite operator certifying that it
will include the power-density levels of the ESV applicant in all
future coordination agreements.
(iv) Except for variable power ESV applicants, a demonstration from the
ESV operator that the ESV system is capable of detecting and
automatically ceasing emissions within 100 milliseconds when the
transmitter exceeds the off-axis EIRP spectral-densities supplied to
the target satellite operator. Variable power ESV applicants shall
provide a detailed showing that an individual ESV terminal is capable
of automatically ceasing or reducing emissions within 100 milliseconds
if the ESV transmitter exceeds the off-axis EIRP spectral-densities
supplied to the target satellite operator; that the individual
transmitter is self-monitoring and capable of shutting itself off; and
that one or more transmitters are capable of automatically ceasing or
reducing emissions within 100 milliseconds of receiving the appropriate
command from the system's central control and monitoring station if the
aggregate off-axis EIRP spectral-densities of the transmitter or
transmitters exceed the off-axis EIRP spectral-densities supplied to
the target satellite operator.
(3) An ESV applicant proposing to implement an ESV system under
paragraph (a)(3) of this section and using variable power-density
control of individual simultaneously transmitting co-frequency ESV
earth stations in the same satellite receiving beam shall provide the
information in paragraphs (b)(3)(i) and (b)(3)(ii) of this section as
exhibits to its ESV application. The International Bureau will place
these showings on Public Notice along with the application.
(i) The ESV applicant shall provide a detailed showing of the measures
it intends to employ to maintain the effective aggregate EIRP-density
from all simultaneously transmitting co-frequency terminals operating
with the same satellite transponder at least 1 dB below the
EIRP-density limits defined in paragraph (a)(1)(i) of this section. In
this context the term “effective” means that the resultant co-polarized
and cross-polarized EIRP-density experienced by any GSO or non-GSO
satellite shall not exceed that produced by a single ESV transmitter
operating at 1 dB below the limits defined in paragraph (a)(1)(i) of
this section.
(ii) The ESV applicant shall provide a detailed showing that an
individual ESV terminal is capable of automatically ceasing emissions
within 100 milliseconds if the ESV transmitter exceeds the off-axis
EIRP-density limit specified in paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this section and
that the individual transmitter is self-monitoring and capable of
shutting itself off. The ESV applicant shall also provide a detailed
showing that one or more transmitters are capable of automatically
ceasing or reducing emissions within 100 milliseconds of receiving the
appropriate command from the system's central control and monitoring
station if the aggregate off-axis EIRP spectral-densities of the
transmitter or transmitters exceed the off-axis EIRP-density limits
specified in paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this section.
(4) There shall be an exhibit included with the application describing
the geographic area(s) in which the ESVs will operate.
(5) The point of contact referred to in paragraph (a)(3) of this
section and, if applicable paragraph (a)(6) of this section, must be
included in the application.
(6) ESVs that exceed the radiation guidelines of § 1.1310 of this
chapter, Radiofrequency radiation exposure limits, must provide, with
their environmental assessment, a plan for mitigation of radiation
exposure to the extent required to meet those guidelines.
(7) Except for ESV systems operating pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of
this section, ESV systems authorized pursuant to this section shall be
eligible for a license that lists ALSAT as an authorized point of
communication.
(c) Operations of ESVs in the 14.0-14.2 GHz (Earth-to-space) frequency
band within 125 km of the NASA TDRSS facilities on Guam (located at
latitude: 13°36′55″ N, longitude 144°51′22″ E) or White Sands, New
Mexico (latitude: 32°20′59″ N, longitude 106°36′31″ W and latitude:
32°32′40″ N, longitude 106°36′48″ W) are subject to coordination
through the National Telecommunications and Information Administration
(NTIA) Interdepartment Radio Advisory Committee (IRAC). When NTIA seeks
to provide similar protection to future TDRSS sites that have been
coordinated through the IRAC Frequency Assignment Subcommittee process,
NTIA will notify the Commission that the site is nearing operational
status. Upon public notice from the Commission, all Ku-band ESV
operators must cease operations in the 14.0-14.2 GHz band within 125 km
of the new TDRSS site until after NTIA/IRAC coordination for the new
TDRSS facility is complete. ESV operations will then again be permitted
to operate in the 14.0-14.2 GHz band within 125 km of the new TDRSS
site, subject to any operational constraints developed in the
coordination process.
(d) Operations of ESVs in the 14.47-14.5 GHz (Earth-to-space) frequency
band within (a) 45 km of the radio observatory on St. Croix, Virgin
Islands (latitude 17°46′ N, longitude 64°35′ W); (b) 125 km of the
radio observatory on Mauna Kea, Hawaii (at latitude 19°48′ N, longitude
155°28′ W); and (c) 90 km of the Arecibo Observatory on Puerto Rico
(latitude 18°20′46″ W, longitude 66°45′11″ N) are subject to
coordination through the National Telecommunications and Information
Administration (NTIA) Interdepartment Radio Advisory Committee (IRAC).
[ 74 FR 47105 , Sept. 15, 2009, as amended at 77 FR 50051 , Aug. 20, 2012]
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